Adverbs of
manner
ظروف الحال
Adverbs with and without '-ly':
'carefully', 'fast'
الظروف التي تتكون بإضافة ly والظروف التي لا تتكون بإضافتها
الظرف يضيف معنى للفعل، وظروف الحال هي التي تبين الكيفية التي يتم بها
الفعل أو الكيفية التي يحدث بها شيء ما:
How
did John behave?
He
behaved badly.
كيف تصرف جون؟
تصرف جون بطريقة سيئة.
يتم تكوين ظرف الحال بإضافة ly إلى الصفة مثل slow,
slowly
الصفات المنتهية بحرف y تقلب i ثم نضيف ly مثل heavy,
heavily
أمثلة :
It
was a slow train./The train went slowly.
It
was heavy rain./lt rained heavily.
هناك بعض الكلمات تستخدم كصفة وكظرف بدون إضافة ly مثل fast
It
was a fast train. - The train went fast.
من أمثلة الكلمات التي تستخدم كصفة وكظرف ما يلى :
Better,
best, early, hard, high, fast, late, monthly, near, wide, worse
Two forms and different meanings:
'hard/hardly'
شكلين ومعنيين مختلفين
بعض الظروف لها شكلين مختلفين، الأول بدون ly والثانى بها
مثل hard, hardly
هذه الظروف لها معانى وإستخدامات مختلفة، أي أنها لا تعطى نفس المعنى :
ومن هذه الظروف :
Last,
lastly, late, lately
He
played hard.
He
hardly payed at all.
Adjectives which end in '-ly':
'friendly'
الصفات التي تنتتهى نهايات ظرفية ly
هناك بعض الصفات التي تنتهى بـ ly كنهاية أصلية لهذه الصفات
وليست ظرف مثل :
Cowardly,
friendly, lively, lovely, motherly, sickly, silly
أمثلة :
Meg's
friendly girl.
John
gave me a friendly handshake.
فإذا أردنا أن نستخدم هذه الصفات كظروف نستخدمها بهذه الطريقة :
In
a friendly way, manner, fashion
Meg
always greets me in a friendly way.
تدريب
Exercise
Change
the adjectives into adverbs or adverbial phrases in the following sentences.
1.
That was a cowardly thing to
do. You acted in a cowardly way.
2.
That was a quick response. She
responded
.......................................................................................
3.
The music was very loud. The
band played far too
............................................................................
4.
That was a silly thing to do.
You acted .................... ,
..........................................................................
5.
The orchestra gave a lively
performance. They performed
................................................................
6.
She's a slow runner. She runs
.............................................................................................
7.
The singers gave a bad
performance. They performed
......................................................................
8.
She can't control her motherly
feelings. Even though he's 40, she looks after him ............................
9.
She's a lovely teacher. She
handles young children
..........................................................................
10.
She delivered a careful
speech. She spoke
.......................................................................................
11.
He looks pale and sickly. He
always greets me
..................................................................................
12.
You don't have to be so
unfriendly! You needn't look at me
...............................................................
إرسال تعليق