YouTube | ALL YOU NEED TO NKOW AND MORE
An Introduction
YouTube is a website for sharing videos on the Internet by uploading video by users who own YouTube channels, where those videos can be viewed and downloaded anywhere in the world. YouTube users watch over a billion hours of YouTube video every day, and upload more than 100 hours of videos every minute.
YouTube was created as a small video-sharing social platform in 2005 by three young men, Steve Chen, Chad Hurley and Jawed Karim. It is worth noting that the first video uploaded to YouTube by one of the three, Jawed Karim, was at the San Diego Zoo the video is titled "Me at the zoo", in which he talks about elephants, as he claims, surprised by their long trunks, and it is the only video in the channel, which has so far achieved nearly 2 million subscribers.
Just one year after the launch of YouTube, and in 2006, Google purchased YouTube for 1.65 billion US dollars, and since then YouTube has evolved from a small site to upload videos to a powerful influential force affecting the cultures of peoples around the world and Internet trends, creating millions of celebrities around the world. Over the years, Google has developed YouTube from a simple video site on the web to include mobile phone applications and television networks and allow other services such as Nintendo and Discord to access YouTube, and users can not only watch simple videos on YouTube, but also listen to music videos and recordings, audio, short films, documentaries and trailers sponsored by production companies and live broadcasts to radio and television stations around the world, as well as the ability for any user to create a YouTube channel for free to download his videos.
Due to the power of YouTube and its huge number of users, well-established advertising companies such as Disney, Warnermedia and others have created their own YouTube channels to promote their content to a larger audience and make their own publicity. Besides all this, YouTube basically acts as a social network by allowing users with a Google account to watch, like, comment and share videos on other social media sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, etc., and they can create their own playlists of available videos on YouTube and subscribing to the channels whose content they prefer or are interested in.
YouTube is the most visited website after Google, with more than one billion monthly users, so Google has changed its business model of YouTube to include revenue other than AdSense ads, as YouTube's revenue has expanded to include revenue that comes through paid content on YouTube by subscribing to YouTube Premium, and YouTube channel owners can make a profit partnership with YouTube through advertising revenue and the paid share of the videos watched by YouTube Premium subscribers.
Also due to the power of YouTube and its massive audience, it has also become embroiled in many global controversies that have made headlines including YouTube's self-censorship, alleged nepotism for some of the companies that use YouTube, users' posting of certain videos related to conspiracy theories, and the judiciary related to the safety and security of children.
YouTube History: How did it start and what was its purpose?
We mentioned in the introduction that YouTube was founded by three friends, Steve Chen, Chad Hurley and Jawed Karim, and those three were PayPal employees, and PayPal was previously owned by eBay. Hurley had studied design at the Indiana University of Pennsylvania and Chen and Jawad studied computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. YouTube was founded on Valentine's Day of 2005, and the YouTube platform was founded like many other companies in Silicon Valley as an owner-funded venture with temporary offices in a garage. According to its founders, the idea was born at a dinner party in San Francisco about a year ago, in 2004, when the trio got frustrated with the difficulty of finding and sharing videos online at that time; "We felt the videos were not being taken up online or shared," Hurley said in an early interview, he added "People were collecting videos on their mobile phones and there was no easy way to share them with people."
How did YouTube Start?
In May 2005, the beta version of YouTube appeared on the Internet, and within a month, the first video was published on YouTube, which is for Jawad Karim, and the video was titled “me at the zoo” and it was a long clip for that time of 19 seconds that Karim published himself, and the video showed the young man Karim at the San Diego Zoo talking about the "Trunks of elephants".
The First Video On YouTube "Me at the zoo"
By March 2006, YouTube managed to get its first video with a million views, and this was one of the Nike ads that spread very quickly, and this clip that went viral on YouTube was a clip of Brazilian footballer Ronaldinho wearing a golden pair of Nike shoes, thus Nike was the first major companies to adopt YouTube's promotional capabilities
The First Video to Get million views on YouTube
101 Facts About YouTube
Follow YouTube Statics from Here
YouTube's Name and how it was chosen
The term YouTube is an easy term and does not need to be explained like other sites; the word "You" means you, and Tube means channel and the combination of the two words together refers to content created by other users and not the site itself, and the word Tube was an old term referring to television, and it refers to video content uploaded by YouTube users or YouTube channel owners. Since its inception and its early days, YouTube has clearly grown to become a giant on the Internet, as it is now present in more than 75 countries, available in more than 60 languages, and hundreds of hours of video are uploaded every minute, even every second.
Why did YouTube succeed, is it diligence or a stroke of luck?
Contrary to popular belief, YouTube was not the first video-sharing site on the Internet, "Vimeo" was launched in November 2004, and "Vimeo" was not as popular as YouTube because Vimeo was a side project of CollegeHumor developers at the time. On the week that YouTube was launched when NBC-Universal Saturday Night Live aired a skit called "Lazy Sunday" produced by "The Lonely Island", and due to the long-term viewership of Saturday Night live, it helped in spreading the play and attract millions of views on YouTube. Thus establishing YouTube as an important website, unofficial downloads of that sitcom as of February 2006 attracted more than five million views, before it was removed at the behest of NBC Universal based on copyright concerns. Although it was eventually removed, those repeated uploads of the play by third parties led to the site growing rapidly until YouTube announced that over 65,000 new videos were being uploaded daily and the site was receiving 100 million video views per day.
YouTube Developers ((A Brief biography))
(1) Chad Meredith Hurley
Born on January 24, 1977
Businessman, journalist and politician, co-founder and CEO of YouTube.
Chad Hurley studied design at Indiana University in Pennsylvania, and after graduating in 1999 he worked for a period as an executive engineer at eBay, the electronic payment department "PayPal". One of his tasks included designing the PayPal logo before starting work with Steve Chen and Jawed Karim.
Hurley was responsible for linking and sharing videos from YouTube to other sites and back.
(2) Steven Shih Chen
Born on August 25, 1978 in Taipei, Taiwan ،
American Internet entrepreneur and entrepreneur
His family immigrated to the United States when he was eight years old.
Steve left the Illinois Academy of Mathematics and Sciences before graduating.
He later attended the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he graduated in 2002 with a degree in Computer Science. Later join PayPal.
Co-founder and former CTO of YouTube
In October 2010, Hurley resigned as CEO of YouTube while retaining his position as YouTube Consultant to be replaced by Salar Kamangar.
(3) Jawed Karim
Jawed Karim was born in 1979 in Mersburg, East Germany. His father was Bangladeshi and his mother German.
After experiencing xenophobia in Germany, his father moved the family to Saint Paul, Minnesota, in 1992.
Jawed later studied computer science at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, but dropped out before graduating.
After the dropout, Jawed became an early employee of the fledgling PayPal. While at PayPal, he continued his coursework and eventually graduated with a degree in computer science, going on to earn a master's degree in computer science from Stanford University.
YouTube Growth Period to become "YouTube"
The period from 2006 to 2013 witnessed the growth and prosperity of a new website (YouTube) with a strong presence on the Internet.
On October 9, 2006, Google purchased YouTube for $1.65 billion, and the purchase was completed on November 13 of the same year. This acquisition sparked great interest in other video-sharing sites on the Web, and this led to IAC, which owns Vimeo, focused on supporting Content creator to make Vimeo stand out from YouTube.
YouTube quickly flourished and grew so fast that the Daily Telegraph reported in 2007 that YouTube had consumed as much bandwidth as the entire Internet in the year 2000.
In 2010, YouTube accounted for 43 percent of the Internet market and more than 14 billion views of YouTube videos, and in the same year, YouTube simplified its interface so that its users could spend more time on it, and in 2011 more than 3 billion videos were watched per day, according to YouTube. For a software engineer at the time, 30% of YouTube videos accounted for 99% of the views, and most of those views came from a fairly small number of videos. In the same year, YouTube improved the logo that distinguished it from 2005 with another relatively different logo with a darker red color than the previous logo, and in 2013 a change to the YouTube interface was introduced on the desktop, TV and mobile, and at that time it was uploading more than 100 hours every minute and this rose Number to 300 hours in November 2014.
YouTube video download terms and conditions
YouTube allows users to upload videos on its platform, but with certain controls that have undergone changes since the inception of YouTube.
All YouTube users can upload videos up to 15 minutes in length.
Users can upload videos of up to 12 hours and make a live broadcast, after verifying the account using mobile phone number.
When YouTube launched in 2005 it was possible to upload videos longer than 10 minutes, but videos were limited to no longer than 10 minutes in March 2006, after YouTube discovered that the majority of clips longer than 10 minutes were unauthorized uploads from shows Movies and TV Shows. The upload limit was increased from 10 minutes to 15 minutes in July 2010, and a single video upload can be 12 hours or 128 GB, whichever is less as a maximum.
As of 2021, closed captions that use speech recognition technology when uploading a video is available in 13 languages.
The allowed video formats on YouTube are the popular ones including MP4, Matroska, FLV, AVI, WebM, 3GP, MPEG-PS and QuickTime file format.
How to legally download a YouTube Video
YouTube Income: How Does YouTube Earn?
YouTube announced before Google bought it that its profits amounted to approximately $ 15 million, and of course that amount is not so huge for Google to consider buying it, but despite that, Google bought it in 2006, and profitability was not the main reason that prompted Google to buy YouTube, It was a long way to make it profitable, but Google foresaw the huge potential of the site or YouTube system as a video service on the Internet, and Google expected that by combining the YouTube platform with the massive traffic of Google, that in a very short period of time a huge investment and a huge profit can be achieved, Later, Google added Google Ads to the video content of the YouTube platform in an attempt to generate some revenue, and by 2008 Forbes reported that YouTube was making $200 million annually, due to the strong progress in advertising sales on YouTube.
During the years of improvement, Google began to include targeted ads directly in YouTube videos, in addition to the possibility of promoting videos on YouTube by channel owners, and Google recently added the “Two Ads” feature, which displays two ads simultaneously to increase potential revenue from content, And certainly that was not the only source of income for YouTube, as Google also earns through paid subscriptions to YouTube Premium services (formerly YouTube Red) and paid TV service, and these services offer users in exchange for certain regular subscriptions every month in exchange for displaying ad-free content
Despite the huge profits that YouTube earns, the operating costs of YouTube are large, and some believe that it may reach 5 or 6 million dollars per month, and the bulk of this cost comes from providing sufficient network bandwidth for millions of users, in addition to other costs related to company management and employees.
In December 2019, Alphabet, the holding company for Google and a group of other companies, announced revenues of $46 billion, and YouTube profits were estimated at about $11 billion, and the bulk of the profit was generated from major Google searches, YouTube advertising revenue, and income from services. Google Cloud.
How do YouTubers make money?
What are the formats and quality of videos uploaded to YouTube?
When YouTube started, the video offered was only one level in quality, with a resolution of 320 x 240 pixels in mp3 mono. In June 2007, YouTube added another option to watch 3GP videos on mobile phones. In March 2008, another high-quality option for videos was added where the video resolution was increased to 480 x 360 pixels. In December HD 720p support was added, which of course changed the YouTube player from a 4:3 aspect ratio (16:9) widescreen. In November 2009 HD 1080P support was added, and in July 2010 YouTube announced that it had released a batch of videos in 4k format allowing for video resolutions of up to 4096 x 3072 pixels. In June 2015 8K resolution support was added with the ability to play videos at a resolution of 7680 x 4320 pixels. In 2016 HDR video was added which requires special hardware devices to play these videos.
The videos that are uploaded to YouTube are available in different levels of quality that users can control. The automatic selection when playing the video adjusts the video playback according to the speed of the Internet connection, and you can choose a specific resolution or choose the data saving mode if the Internet speed is not high, and this can be selected in a way Direct resolution to be played for videos.
Since 2009, viewers can watch 3D videos, and in 2015 the company began to support 360-degree video, and since that time it has allowed direct broadcasting of 360-degree videos with a resolution of up to 4K, and YouTube has also started supporting stereoscopic video formats that are known as stereoscopic video formats. Named the VR180, it also now allows users to watch any video using virtual reality headsets.
How did the live broadcast on YouTube start and what are its conditions?
The experience of live broadcasting on YouTube began in 2009 when it broadcast live a concert by U2, a four-member Irish rock band, and in February 2010 broadcast a discussion session with US President Barack Obama, and in September 2010 YouTube began testing its live broadcasting infrastructure. In April 2011, YouTube announced the launch of YouTube Live. Live broadcasting was restricted to specific YouTube partners or channels. YouTube Live was first used to broadcast the 2012 Olympics in London. In October 2012 more than 8 million people around the world watched the live broadcast of Felix Baumgartner's leap from the edge of space.
In May 2013, the creation of live broadcast groups was opened for the owners of channels that got 100 subscribers, and in August of the same year the number of subscribers was reduced to 100 to allow direct broadcasting of those channels, and in December the limit was abolished, ie allowing any channel to be able to broadcast live on YouTube. In February 2017, live streaming was allowed in the official YouTube mobile app. Mobile live streaming was initially limited to users with 10,000 or more subscribers, but in mid-2017 the number was reduced to just 100. The resolution of the live broadcast can be up to 4K resolution and the live broadcast supports 360-degree video.
What features are available to users on YouTube?
(1) YouTube community
YouTube community is a new feature launched by YouTube on September 13, 2016. YouTube launched this feature beta at that time, and the YouTube community feature is a social media-based feature that allows YouTube users or channel owners to post text and images, competing in part in FB community . Through the "community" tab, users can post text and images in various formats including GIFs, live videos, etc. separately from their channels in this YouTube community tab.
After this feature was officially launched, it was automatically activated for each channel with a large number of subscribers that was reduced over time to reach 10,000 subscribers until it reached 1,000 subscribers in September 2019, which is the current limit until that time.
(2) YouTube Comments System
YouTube allows users with Google or Gmail account to comment on videos posted on its platform, which its users allow the ability to leave comments on, and the YouTube comment system was not as flexible as it is now, as any user could leave a comment on YouTube. Users leave it or rather it revealed the human race, its culture, its stupidity and also how wise it is. Some YouTube comments make you cry for humanity only in terms of the misspellings they carry as well as the obscene and hateful content they contain. YouTube comments are a childish hotbed of discussion in different cultures around the world, often ignorant and stupid, and at times unmatched wisdom and intelligence.
In November 2013, Google imposed a system directed to comments on YouTube, where it required those who want to comment on YouTube videos to have an account in Google Plus at that time, and this led to the dissatisfaction of many users, and among them was Jawad Karim, the creator of YouTube , who expressed He got angry, saying, “Why in the world should I have a Google Plus account to comment on YouTube?” He posted that statement, expressing his anger over that decision on his official YouTube channel.
Users may have had a justification for that resentment, but Google's idea of the volume of comments on YouTube is not a bad idea, as this led to the volume of many comments charged with racism, hate and obscenity over the past eight years from 2005: 2013, this is a bold and good attempt to curb that anonymous defamation of owners Sick souls who leave those comments, the Google Plus account then makes the user think more than once before leaving an inappropriate comment, as his identity is exposed to everyone, and legal action may be taken against him.
On July 27, 2015, Google announced in a post on its official blog that it would remove the requirement to subscribe to Google Plus for leaving comments on YouTube videos. On November 3, 2016, YouTube announced a trial plan that would allow YouTube creators to decide whether to approve, hide or report comments posted on their videos, based on an algorithm that detects potentially offensive comments. In December 2020, it was reported that YouTube will launch a new feature that will warn users who post a comment that "may be offensive to others."
9 million YouTube Comments
Share and download YouTube videos
YouTube users can publish any YouTube video outside YouTube because YouTube provides the HTML code for every video uploaded to YouTube to be included on any web page in social media pages and networks.
As for downloading videos, YouTube does not provide a download link for videos on its platform, but you can use programs and sites to download YouTube videos, such as internet download manager software and save from net site.
In February 2009, YouTube announced an optional service allowing some partners to download certain YouTube videos for free or for a fee through Google Checkout, but this service was discontinued in June 2012.
YouTube users can keep the copyright to their own work under the default YouTube standard license, and they can also grant the rights to use their videos under a creative common license.
YouTube platforms for smartphones and TV
All smartphones can access YouTube videos either through the YouTube smartphone apps or through an optimized website that is used on smart phones.
Since June 2007 YouTube videos have been available for viewing on a range of apple products, and in September 2012 YouTube launched its first app for the iPhone, and it was used by 35% of smartphone users between April and June 2013, making it the third most used app.
In January 2009 YouTube launched YouTube for TV, a version of the website designed specifically for set-top boxes and other TV media devices with YouTube browsers. In June 2099 YouTube XL was introduced, which has a simplified interface designed for viewing on a standard TV screen.
And in November 2018, YouTube was launched as a downloadable app for the Nintendo Switch.
The first copy of YouTube App
Why there are local versions of YouTube in some countries
The YouTube interface suggests the local version to choose based on the user's IP address. In some cases, the message "This video is not available in your country" may appear due to copyright restrictions or inappropriate content. The YouTube interface is available in 76 different versions including different languages
Access to YouTube was banned in Turkey between 2008 and 2010, after controversy over the publication of videos deemed insulting to Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and some material offensive to Muslims, so in October 2012 a local version of YouTube was launched in Turkey, with this domain youtube.com.tr . The local version of YouTube local in Turkey is subject to the content regulations found in Turkish law.
What are the copyrights in YouTube?
YouTube has faced many challenges and criticism in its attempts to tackle copyright, including the site's first viral video, Lazy Sunday, which was taken down due to copyright concerns. Regarding the issue of copyright, YouTube users receive a message asking them not to violate copyright laws, yet some users still upload many unauthorized clips of copyrighted material, so any successful complaint about copyright infringement of a video On YouTube leads to its removal, and leads to three complaints in a period of 6 months regarding copyright by removing the account of the user who infringed those rights, and deleting all the videos that he uploaded even if most of them are not in violation of copyright.
YouTube Copyright Basics
What is YouTube's Content ID system?
In June 2007, YouTube began experimenting with a system to automatically detect uploaded videos that infringe copyright. Google CEO Eric Schmidt has deemed the system necessary to resolve lawsuits such as those brought by Viacom, which alleged that YouTube profited from content it did not have the right to distribute. This system creates an identifier file for the copyrighted audio and video material, stores it in a database and when a video is uploaded, it is scanned based on that database, and the video is flagged as copyright infringement if a match is found. In this case, the original content owner has the option to block the video to make it not be viewed, track video viewing statistics, or add ads to the video. This system is very accurate in finding uploads that contain identical or infringing copyrighted content. By 2012, YouTube Content ID accounted for more than a third of YouTube monetized views.
Prior to 2016, the videos were only monetized after the dispute was resolved. But since April 2016, the videos can be monetized while the dispute is ongoing, and the money goes to whoever won the dispute. And if the uploader wants to monetize the video again, he can remove the disputed audio in the Video Manager.
YouTube Content ID
What is offensive content on YouTube and how is it dealt with?
YouTube has a set of Community Guidelines designed to reduce abuse of the site's features, as uploading defamatory, pornographic, and material promoting criminal behavior is not permitted under YouTube's Community Guidelines. Generally prohibited materials include sexually explicit content, animal abuse videos, shocking videos, content uploaded without the copyright holder's consent, hate speech, spam, and aggressive behavior. In the first place, YouTube depends on its users to report the content of videos that are considered inappropriate for them, and it is their role that the video will be checked by YouTube employees and not in an automated way by viewing the clip or videos that have been reported to determine whether it violates the site guidelines And from taking the actions stipulated in the forum from deleting the video or deleting the account permanently.
Despite YouTube's community guidelines to track and delete those videos, YouTube has come under fire for YouTube's algorithms that perpetuate videos on its platform that promote conspiracy theories and lies, and YouTube is also accused of hosting videos ostensibly targeting children but containing violent or sexually suggestive content that includes famous personalities. Whether it's real or cartoonish.
YouTube contracts with companies to hire content moderators, who view content that has been flagged as potentially violating YouTube's content policies and determine whether it should be removed. To limit the spread of misinformation and fake news across YouTube, it has put in place a comprehensive policy on how it plans to deal with technically manipulated videos.
In this regard, YouTube has also been criticized for its suppression of opinions contrary to the positions of governments, especially regarding the Covid 19 epidemic. The controversial content also included material related to Holocaust denial and the Hillsborough disaster, in which 96 football fans from Liverpool were crushed to death in 1989. In July 2008, the UK House of Commons Culture and Media Committee stated that it was "not confident" in YouTube's policing of its videos, and argued that "proactive review of content should be standard practice for user-hosted sites and for content generated." ". For its part, YouTube responded by saying that it has strict rules on what is allowed, and a system that enables anyone who sees inappropriate content to report it to its review team 24/7 and deal with it immediately. YouTube also educates the community about the rules and embeds a direct link from every YouTube page to make this process as easy as possible for users.
In 2018, YouTube introduced a system that would automatically add info boxes to videos identified by its algorithms that might introduce conspiracy theories and other fake news, and populate an infobox with content from Encyclopedia Britannica and Wikipedia as a way to inform users to reduce the spread of misinformation without affecting freedom of expression. .
Misleading content on YouTube: Does YouTube promote conspiracy theories and false information?
YouTube has come under fire for using its algorithms to place too much importance on videos that promote conspiracy theories, lies and far-right content. According to an investigation by The Wall Street Journal, YouTube often recommends its users to channels that feature conspiracy theories, partisan viewpoints and misleading videos, even if these users do not show a lack of interest in those types of videos, for example when a viewer chooses or watches a video He expresses his political view or his biases on something, YouTube suggests to him videos that reflect this point of view and those biases, but in a more humorous way, and in my view it may be because the headlines attract the public and raise the number of views on YouTube.
Based on these criticisms of YouTube, it announced in January 2019 that it had introduced a new policy starting with the United States or the YouTube audience in the United States, and this policy aims to stop YouTube from recommending videos that "contain content that may mislead users in harmful ways."
An example of misleading content provided by YouTube is what a study reported in July 2019 based on dozens of searches on YouTube using the Tor browser and this study related to climate and climate change that the majority of videos on YouTube were videos conveying views contrary to the scientific consensus on climate change.
A BBC investigation that same year into YouTube searches in 10 different languages revealed that the YouTube algorithm had promoted health misinformation, such as fake cancer treatments, and in Brazil YouTube was linked to spreading misleading scientific information on health issues in Brazil.
And the most rumors and false information promoted by YouTube that were linked to the Corona virus about the relationship of the Corona virus to the fifth generation communication technology, which promoted many videos in YouTube, the role of the fifth generation communication technology in the spread of the Corona epidemic, and this led to the destruction of many fifth generation towers in Britain, and based on the YouTube removed all videos promoting that devastating false rumor.
YouTube, racial discrimination and hateful intolerant content
Before 2019, YouTube had taken steps to remove videos and even entire channels related to the intolerant content that violated YouTube's moderate usage policies, but despite that YouTube had no organized policy to deal with hate speech.
In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the Al Noor mosques and the Lynod Islamic Center in Christchurch by white extremists and some Islamophobes, YouTube and other large sites such as Facebook and Twitter criticized for not doing even the least in order to moderate and control hate speech and the fact that these sites had heard With this type of content from users, and in her opinion, those speeches embodied in the quality of those videos were the main reason for those terrorist attacks, and all those social platforms were pressured to remove such content. In an interview with The New York Times, YouTube's chief product officer Neil Mohan said that unlike content from extremist groups like ISIS, which is easy to detect and remove from YouTube with the help of its algorithms, hate speech is generally more difficult to identify, and more difficult to deal with. Therefore, it is not possible to take action to remove it easily without human interaction that helps remove it from Tabligh and the like.
In May 2019, YouTube joined a French and New Zealand-led initiative with other countries and tech companies to develop tools to prevent hate speech online, and to develop locally implemented regulations to impose on tech companies that failed to take steps to remove such hate speech, violence or extremism. , although the United States refused to participate in that initiative.
On June 5, 2019, YouTube announced a major change to its terms of service on its platform, announcing the "banning of videos that claim a group is superior in order to justify discrimination, segregation, or exclusion based on attributes such as age, gender, race, caste, religion, sexual orientation, and veteran status." Examples of such videos include videos that promote or glorify Nazi ideology that are discriminatory in nature, and YouTube has also announced that it will remove content that denies well-documented violent events such as the Holocaust or the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting.
In June 2020, YouTube banned many channels linked to racial discrimination and white supremacy, asserting that such channels violated its hate speech policy.
YouTube as an entertaining and safe site for children
Is YouTube a safe and entertaining site for children, whether they are viewers or content creators?
This question is related to two main parts, namely, the exploitation of children as viewers to influence their thoughts and personalities, and the use of children as content creators by those in charge of them or their educators, in order to exploit them financially or to profit through the videos that they publish through them.
At the beginning of 2017, the content related to children on YouTube increased significantly, and YouTube mentioned in the same regard that the time watching family videos that contain children increased by 90%, which means that the role of children has increased significantly at the beginning of that year as a content creator and as viewers, But did this increase negatively or positively affect the children?
With the increase in videos related to children on YouTube, YouTube began to be exposed to a lot of controversies and criticisms related to the safety of children, including YouTube users accused the owners of the popular channel related to children, FamilyOFive, which depicts itself as pranking its children with child abuse, and then it was deleted. their videos, and the detention of two children from the family or their separation from the family.
Another similar incident occurred in 2019 where another family was accused of abusing their adopted children who are the owners of the Family Adventures channel and then YouTube started considering deleting their videos in the future, although they have not been removed yet.
Later that year, YouTube came under fire for showing inappropriate videos targeting children, and many of those videos appeared on YouTube Kids and attracted millions of views, and a new term emerged to describe the controversy around child exploitation, which was called "Elsagate".
As the issues surrounding the children's content controversy began to surface, YouTube announced in November 2017 that it was strengthening the site's security to protect children from inappropriate content, and later that month, YouTube removed entire family clips and channels that improperly used children in their videos. and their channels, and YouTube also deleted videos that showed children participating in dangerous or inappropriate activities under the guidance of adults, and in this regard, YouTube removed a channel with more than 8 million subscribers, Toy Freaks, a channel that includes a father and two daughters in strange and disturbing situations, According to Social Blade analysts, this father had earned nearly £8 million from that channel before it was removed.
In addition, YouTube does not leave out channels that provide content for children, with the owners not revealing their identity, including the Cocomelon channel, which had no specific or known owners, this channel provided many animated videos that were produced in abundance and aimed at children, The revenue of that channel in 2019 from advertising revenue reached nearly $ 10,000 per month. The channel was owned by a mysterious production company, “Treasure Studio,” which also raised questions about the exact goal of that channel, but Bloomberg News was able to interview the small team. Those who run this channel and who stated that their goal is to entertain children, and to preserve themselves from any external parties that may affect their personalities, but the anonymity of the owners of such channels raises suspicious doubts about what the specific goal they seek to achieve through those channels.
Content creators who make kid-friendly videos have found it difficult to compete with larger channels like ChuChu TV and that they are unable to produce content at the same rate as larger channels, and that owners of those channels offering that appropriate content lack the same means of promoting through YouTube's recommendation algorithms that These videos are suggested, making them watch more than a billion views.
YouTube's attitude on children's videos
Most of the videos uploaded about children, which began to spread since the beginning of 2017, were created by minor children, and these videos contained innocent content for children such as children playing with their toys or doing gymnastics (in light sports clothes), but these videos were attracting pedophiles Or pedophiles from homosexuals, as they put those videos in special playlists, after that other videos about children began to spread on YouTube, but they were created by child molesters, and the videos were directed at children or their content was children, but their content was not innocent and gay, hence the The term sagati, which refers to this type of video. After the spread of those videos and the spread of that term is in English Elsagate and the emergence of a lot of controversy about that concept and what they grew up with, the large advertisers whose ads were shown on those sites began to freeze their spending on YouTube, which led to a huge loss for YouTube.
In December 2018, the American newspaper The Times found more than 100 cases of child abuse (in YouTube videos) in which children were groomed and manipulated into implicit sexual behavior (such as undressing, inappropriately touching children, etc...) by strangers, Half of it was removed through notifications, and the other half was removed after The Times contacted the YouTube public relations department.
In February 2019, vlogger Matt Watson discovered a wormhole in YouTube's algorithms that attracts users to these types of videos, and makes all the content shown to those interested in those videos contains only these videos, so most of the comments on these videos contain comments by harassers containing inappropriate statements. With links to videos not listed on YouTube that include more blatant abuse cases, to be exploited materially in one way or another. In the wake of that controversy, YouTube deleted more than 400 channels and tens of millions of comments, flagged offending users for prosecution, and reported the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. The danger is unacceptable and abhorrent to YouTube, and YouTube has clear policies to ban this content and take legal action against it, and YouTube does a lot to quickly detect and delete these videos, and despite what YouTube says and does, many major companies have withdrawn funding for their ads. On YouTube, including Disney, Nestle, Dr. Oetker, Epic James and others, AT&T, Disney, Dr. Oetker. Oetker, Epic Games, and Nestlé, YouTube then began blocking ads on video sites with content for children, and stated that this was an initial measure, as they were exploring other ways to eliminate the problem. Then YouTube also began to classify channels that mostly display content related to children as children's channels to prevent ads from displaying on them. Any children's video is also selected to prevent ads from appearing on it if it includes children or is intended for children (even if it is a normal cartoon video) as well. Comment sections are disabled in children's videos, but only trusted partners can re-enable comments, but the channel will then be responsible for moderating those comments, and YouTube also mentioned that it is making a better and more sophisticated system that will remove comments on other channels that It matches the style of harassers and pedophiles.
In June 2019, the New York Times cited researchers who had found that users who watched erotic videos could recommend videos that seemed harmless to children. As a result, Senator Josh Hawley announced plans to introduce federal legislation that would ban YouTube and other video-sharing sites from embedding Videos that mostly feature minors as "recommended" videos, but "professionally produced" videos are excluded, such as videos of TV talent shows. YouTube has also suggested potential plans to remove all videos featuring children from the site. The main YouTube site has moved them to YouTube Kids where they will have stronger controls over the recommendation system, as well as other major changes to the main YouTube site to "recommended" and "autoplay" features.
YouTube and April Fools' Day
Since YouTube is a widespread site and can control the spread of videos that are uploaded, this led YouTube to make a joke out of excitement, suspense and pranks with its users, which is "April Fools". for eight years until 2016.
April Fools' Day 2008
YouTube's first lie was to redirect all links to clips on the homepage to Rick Astley's music video "Never Goanna Give You Up" and this prank is known as rickrolling.
April Fool's 2009
When you click on a video on the homepage, the entire homepage turns upside down, which YouTube claims is a "new layout" that it has made.
April Fool's 2010
YouTube temporarily releases a mode called "TEXTp", which is based on the technical ASCII characters, which is a coding system based on the technical alphabet, and YouTube claims to do this in order to reduce bandwidth costs by one dollar per second.
April Fools' Day 2011
YouTube celebrated its centenary with a series of sepia-toned silent films, modeled on the silent films of the early 20th century, including a parody of the keyboard cat.
April Fools' Day 2012
YouTube announced that when you click on the DVD next to the site's logo to a purported video to order all YouTube videos and deliver them home DVD.
April Fools' Day 2013
This lie was made in cooperation with the satirical newspaper "The Onion" in the launch of a video on YouTube that contained the content that YouTube was launched as a contest that has finally ended, and will be closed for ten years before it is re-launched in 2023, and YouTube will only show the location of the winning video, and he shared a video The lie, many YouTubers, including Antoine Dodson, had a video of two presenters announcing the nominated videos were broadcast live for 12 hours.
April Fools' Day 2014
YouTube announced that it was responsible for the viral video trends on it.
April Fools 2015
YouTube adds a music button to the video that played parts of 'sandstorm'
April Fools 2016
YouTube offers an option to watch all the videos on it in 360 degrees.
In fact, these lies were carefully chosen based on the interests and tendencies of the YouTube audience, and the extent to which public opinion was aroused about that lie.
YouTube Services
YouTube Premium
YouTube Premium (in the past, YouTube Red) is YouTube's premium subscription service to display YouTube content without ads and access exclusive YouTube content (which is not shown on regular or free YouTube), and allows YouTube videos to be played in the background if No connection on mobile devices, and access to the "No Limits" service in Google Play Music.
YouTube Premium was originally announced on November 14, 2014 as "Music Key" and is a paid subscription music streaming service that was intended to integrate with and replace the existing "no limits" or "all access" service for Google Play Music. On October 28, 2015, the service was relaunched as YouTube Red, offering ad-free streaming of all videos as well as access to exclusive original content on YouTube that is not shown on YouTube for free. As of November 2016, the service has 1.5 million subscribers, along with YouTube Red. Another million subscribers in the free trial, and as of June 2017, the first season of YouTube Originals has garnered nearly 250 million views.
YouTube TV
The launch of YouTube TV was announced on February 28, 2017, at a press conference held in Los Angeles, and YouTube TV is a subscription service available to US customers at a cost of $ 35 per month, and this service was initially launched in five US markets or states: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and that service was launched on April 5, 2017, and this service provides live broadcasts of programs from the five major broadcast networks (ABC, CBS, CW, Fox and NBC) in addition to 40 Another channel owned by the parent companies of these networks.
YouTube Movies YouTube Movies
YouTube Movies is a service provided by YouTube that shows movies on YouTube, and many movies to watch are free with ads.
YouTube Go
YouTube Go is a YouTube application for Android, and this application facilitates the process of accessing YouTube through mobile devices, and this application differs from the main application of the company for Android devices, and it has many advantages over that application as it allows downloading videos and sharing them with other users and also allows sharing of videos that Downloaded via Bluetooth and provides more options to control mobile data and video resolution.
The YouTube Go service was launched in 2017, and it was initially announced in September 2016 at an event in India and then launched in February 2017, and that project was expanded in November of the same year to include 14 other countries, and the application was launched in 130 countries around the world. The app is available to about 60% of the world's population.
YouTube Music
YouTube Music was launched on May 22, 2018, as YouTube Music, which is a service that competes with other similar services such as Spotify and Apple Music.
YouTube Shorts
YouTube Short was launched as a new competitive advantage to compete with emerging sites that make short videos such as Tik Tok, and it was announced in September 2020 that YouTube announced that it would launch a beta version of a new platform of 15-second videos, and the platform was chosen for the first time in India but As of March 2021 it has been expanded to include other countries and the system has been modified to include all videos so that they do not exceed a minute and are filmed with the mobile camera, and the YouTube Short system is integrated with the main YouTube application and gives users access to creative tools built into the main YouTube including adding licensed music to Short videos, and YouTube has allocated a budget to reward short videos that achieve the highest interaction and highest views on YouTube.
YouTube Stories
In 2018, YouTube began testing a new feature initially called "YouTube Reels". This feature was completely identical to Instagram and Snapchat stories, and later YouTube renamed this feature to YouTube Stories, YouTube stories are only available to creators with more than 10,000 subscribers and stories can only be published or viewed through the YouTube mobile app.
YouTube Kids
YouTube Kids is an American video app for kids developed by YouTube, and this app was developed in response to parental and government scrutiny over content available to children. The app provides a version of the service geared toward children, with curated selections of content, parental control features, and filtering of unwatched videos for children under the age of 13, 8 or 5 depending on the age group chosen.
The app was first released on February 15, 2015 as an Android and iOS mobile app, and since then the app has been launched for LG, Samsung, and Sony smart TVs, as well as for Android TV devices. On May 27, 2020, it became available on Apple TV. As of September 2019, the app is available in 69 countries. YouTube launched a web version of YouTube Kids on August 30, 2019.
YouTube Kids has faced criticism from several authorities, particularly the Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood, due to concerns about the app's use of commercials, as well as algorithmic suggestions for videos that may be inappropriate for the app's target audience. The app has also been linked to the controversy surrounding disturbing and/or violent videos depicting characters from children's media franchises. Criticism of the videos has led to YouTube announcing stricter measures to review and filter these videos when flagged by the community, and to block access to them from within the YouTube Kids app.
YouTube Partner Program
In May 2007, YouTube launched the YouTube Partner Program (YPP), a system based on Google AdSense that allows video uploaders to share revenue generated from YouTube ads. YouTube typically gets 45 percent of ad revenue from videos in the partner program, and 55 percent goes to the uploader.
There are more than 1 million members of the YouTube Partner Program. According to TubeMogul, in 2013, a YouTube pre-roll ad (an ad that appears before a video starts) cost advertisers an average of $7.60 per 1,000 views. It is worth noting that no more than half of the videos are eligible for a pre-roll ad, due to the lack of interested advertisers.
YouTube's policies prohibit the inclusion of certain forms of content in videos monetized by ads, including videos that contain violence, vulgar language, sexual content, or "controversial or sensitive topics and events, including those related to war and political disputes." and natural disasters and tragedies, and videos that include negative comments on content as inappropriate.
In 2013, YouTube introduced an option for channels with at least 1,000 subscribers to subscribe to the YouTube Partner Program. In April 2017, YouTube put another eligibility requirement so that videos of a channel that wants to participate in the YouTube Partner Program get 10,000 views for life. On January 16, 2018, the eligibility requirement for monetization was changed to 4,000 hours of watch time over the past 12 months for a channel with 1,000 subscribers. The move was seen as an attempt to ensure monetized videos were good or well-produced, but was criticized for penalizing smaller YouTube channels.
The YouTube Play Buttons or YouTube Shields, part of YouTube Creator Rewards, are YouTube's recognition of their most popular channel. These buttons or shields are made of copper alloy, nickel-plated nickel, gold-plated copper, silver-plated metal, sapphire and red colored crystal glass and are given as the starting channels for channels that have at least one hundred thousand, one million, ten million, fifty million subscribers, and one hundred million subscribers, respectively.
As of November 2020 in the US and June 2021 worldwide, [510] YouTube reserves the right to monetize any video on the platform, even if the uploader is not a member of the YouTube Partner Program. This will happen on channels whose content is deemed "advertiser friendly", and all revenue will go directly to Google without giving any share to the uploader.
Revenue for copyright holders
The majority of YouTube advertising revenue goes to publishers and video producers who own the rights to their videos; The company retains 45% of advertising revenue and the remaining 55% goes to content creators. In 2010, it was reported that nearly a third of videos containing ads were uploaded without the permission of the copyright holders. So YouTube provides an option for copyright holders to locate and remove their videos or have them continue to operate for profit. In May 2013, Nintendo began enforcing its copyright ownership and claiming ad revenue from video creators who posted screenshots of its games. In February 2015, Nintendo agreed to share profits with the video makers.
The social impact of YouTube
Both individuals and large production companies have used YouTube to expand their fan base Independent (or individual) creators have created a number of followers in the thousands at very little cost or effort and old media celebrities have turned to the website at the invitation of the YouTube administration which saw the first creators who got They have large numbers of followers and perceived audience sizes that are potentially larger than those attainable by television.
The top five hundred YouTube partners make about $100,000 a year, and the top ten highest-earning channels make between $2.5 million and $12 million a year.
In 2012, CMU's Business Editor described YouTube as "a free-to-use promotional platform... for music companies." In 2013, Forbes' Catherine Thayer asserted that artists' work in the digital age should not be limited to high quality, but should elicit reactions on YouTube and social media.
The videos of 2.5% of artists categorized as "Mega", "Main" and "Medium Size" got 90.3% of relevant views on YouTube and Vivo that year alone.
TED curator Chris Anderson notes that face-to-face communication of the kind conveyed by online videos has been "fine-tuned by millions of years of evolution," and cited several YouTube contributors as confirmation of his view, also noting that it's not far-fetched to say that the video Online will greatly accelerate scientific progress, and that video contributors may be on the verge of launching "the largest educational course in human history."
Additionally, YouTube has enabled people to interact directly with the government, such as in the CNN/YouTube presidential debates (2007) where ordinary people submitted questions to US presidential candidates via YouTube videos, where one of the chief tech founders said the internet video was Changing the political landscape.
In describing the Arab Spring (2010-2012), sociologist Philip N. Howard briefly described to activists on social media that organizing political unrest involves using "Facebook to schedule protests, Twitter to coordinate, and YouTube to tell the world." In 2012, more than a third of US senators introduced a resolution condemning Joseph Kony 16 days after the "2012 Kony" video was posted on YouTube, with the resolution co-sponsored by Senator Lindsey Graham, stating that the video "would do more to lead to (the demise) of Kony) more than all other businesses combined.
Conversely, YouTube has also allowed the government to interact more easily with citizens, as the official YouTube channel of the White House was the seventh largest producer of news organizations on YouTube in 2012. In February 2014, US President Obama held a meeting at the White House with top YouTube creators not only to promote awareness of Obamacare but generally to develop ways for the government to better connect with the "YouTube generation". [While YouTube's inherent ability to allow chiefs to communicate directly with private citizens has been noted, the new media knowledge of YouTube content creators was seen as essential to better deal with distracting content and a fickle audience for the site.
Some YouTube videos have had a direct impact on world events, such as the Innocence of Muslim which sparked protests and related anti-American violence internationally.
YouTube revenue
Prior to 2020, Google did not provide detailed figures for YouTube's operating costs, and YouTube's revenue in 2007 was referred to as "immaterial," meaning insignificant in relation to Google's earnings as a whole.
In June 2008, a Forbes article predicted that YouTube's 2008 revenue would be close to $200 million, citing progress in ad sales.
In 2012, YouTube's revenue from its advertising program was estimated at $3.7 billion.
In 2013 it nearly doubled and is estimated to be $5.6 billion according to eMarketer, [470 while others have estimated revenue at around $4.7 billion.
The vast majority of YouTube videos are free to watch but are supported by ads.
In May 2013, YouTube offered a demo scheme of 53 subscription channels with prices ranging from $0.99 to $6.99 per month. The move was seen as an attempt to compete with other online subscription service providers such as Netflix, Amazon Prime and Hulu.
Google first published YouTube's exact revenue figures in February 2020 as part of Alphabet's 2019 financial report. According to Google, YouTube generated $15.1 billion in ad revenue in 2019, as opposed to $8.1 billion in 2017 and $11.1 billion in ad revenue. US dollars in 2018.
YouTube revenue made up nearly 10% of Alphabet's total revenue in 2019. This revenue accounted for nearly 20 million combined YouTube Premium and YouTube Music subscribers, and 2 million YouTube TV subscribers.
YouTube generated $19.8 billion in revenue in 2020.
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